A Promising Distance-Based Gasoline Tax Charging System Based on Spatio-Temporal Grid Reservation in the Era of Zero-Emission Vehicles

Fuel taxes are still a primary funding source for the development and maintenance of transportation infrastructure. Such tax is collected as flat fee from importer or producer taxable fuel product. Fuel-efficiency improvements adoption zero-emission vehicles result in continuous decrease gasoline revenues. This paper proposes novel distance-based alternative method to replace current collection systems Japan by providing software architecture platform. In this platform, we utilize driving information gathered via communication mechanisms installed connected automated develop system that collects based on reserving spatio-temporal grids. Spatio-temporal sections created dividing space time into equal grids designated charge assigned. Connected reserve planned travel route advance reservation information. The performance evaluation results indicate proposed adequately reserves requested accurately grid with minimum no data package loss. micro distance charges, which generates revenue 5.7 percent model year 2022 21.8 2030 compared flat-fee system.